Executive
Director, OLBC
(614) 746-1363
cell
(614) 341-6912
office
sheppard@olbc1967.org
Tuesday, January 24,
2006
FOR
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Ohio Legislative Black
Caucus Addresses
the
State of
Black Ohio
Disparities in
Education, Healthcare and Other Areas Still
Challenge the
African-American
Community, but There is Hope for Future
Progress
Columbus – Members of the Ohio
Legislative Black Caucus (OLBC) are calling
attention to the vast range of disparities that
continue to challenge the African-American
community and the positive trends that present
opportunities for future progress.
Issues of
concern to African-American families are like
those of other families across the state. "We
want safe places to live, quality schools for
our children, access to affordable healthcare,
and opportunities to participate fully in civic
and business affairs," said Representative
Barbara
Sykes (D-Akron) and OLBC
President. "As leaders we must share an
inspiring vision for hope and push forward
solutions designed to create real social change
in the African-American community. Surely
this will have a ripple effect in creating
greater social equality and progress for all
people - this is the core of America's
moral fabric and values."
In
addressing the status of African Americans
across Ohio, OLBC
members have highlighted challenges and
positive trends in the areas of healthcare,
education, jobs and economic development, the
minimum wage, voting rights, and prisons and
community re-entry.
The
following summary provides highlights of
specific issues and topics of concern:
Healthcare
"Health
disparities between African Americans and
Caucasians continue to persist at alarmingly
high rates in the state of Ohio. Public
policy measures, such as the Diabetes Cost
Reduction Act and Mental Health Parity
legislation, languish in committee because the
majority party in the legislature places
profits above people." - Senator Ray
Miller
(D-Columbus)
“More
attention must be paid to remedying the
persistent and egregious health disparities
that often result in chronic disease and
premature death among African-Americans, and
undoubtedly the Ohio
Legislative Black Caucus will be instrumental
in leading this charge.” -
Representative Shirley Smith
(D-Cleveland)
Challenges and
Opportunities: Although there have
been positive trends in the decrease of infant
mortality rates and in the increase of early
prenatal care, primary threats and challenges
include lower representation of racial minority
groups in the medical profession; disparities
in
medical
insurance coverage; continued racial
disparities in health outcomes; and a disparate
investment in health care in African-American
neighborhoods.
Mortality
rates for African Americans are 27% higher than
White mortality rates. 17% of
African Americans have asthma, compared to 10%
of Whites. African Americans now make
up 42% of Ohio’s HIV
cases. In 2003-2004, it is
estimated that 18% of Ohio’s
non-elderly African American population had no
health insurance coverage. For
Ohio’s White
population this figure is 11%. Only
49% of Ohio’s
non-elderly African American population has
employer sponsored health insurance compared to
74% of Ohio’s
non-elderly White population.
Research at the Kirwan Institute for the
Study of Race and Ethnicity has tracked the
geographic distribution of hospital investment
decisions in Ohio by
analyzing Certificate of Need decisions from
the late 1990’s.
Preliminary
research indicates that hospital investments
are not as prevalent in Ohio’s urban
African-American neighborhoods in the major
metropolitan areas.
Education
“There
needs to be a much greater effort on the part
of school administrators, teachers and parents
to support, encourage and reach out to
African-American students. African
American students have held their hand out but
the resources they need have not always been
available to them. What more people need to
know is that if we reach a hand out to pull a
student along instead of lift that student up,
our educational system will continue to fail
African Americans and other non-white
students.” - Representative Claudette
Woodard (D-Shaker
Heights)
Challenges and
Opportunities: - The current
graduation rate of African-American students in
Ohio is 66%
versus 89% for white students - a 23 point
difference. Ohio has
significant racial disparities in test scores
for African-American students. Recent
Ohio Graduation Test scores reflect that only
66% of African-American students passed the
reading proficiency exam compared to 87% of
White students who passed the reading
exam.
Only 57% of African-American students
passed the math proficiency exam compared to
86% of White students who passed the math
exam.
The Ohio
Close the Achievement Gap Campaign has
developed a “Strategy for Shared
Responsibilities" in order for education
stakeholders to close the achievement
gap:
- Ohio elected
officials-fully fund the intervention services
required in Senate Bill 1 (124th General
Assembly), provide highly qualified teachers
and follow the recommendations of the
Governor’s Commission on Teaching
Success
- School
Districts-provide a Highly Qualified Teacher as
required by the No Child Left Behind Act and
monitor implementation of Senate Bill 1 (124th
General Assembly)
- Schools-ensure that all staff know, understand,
and appreciate the communities and families of
the students they
teach.
- Primary
teachers-use researched based reading
strategies
- Parents-create literacy friendly homes with
shared reading
- Students-actively participate
in intervention
programs
- Ohio
Department of
Education-report
on the progress in fully implementing existing
intervention and High Quality Teacher laws and
advocate for the funds and means to enforce
these requirements
- Community, religious, business, and civic
organizations-monitor the implementation of existing
law; advocate for the resources to fund legally
entitled programs; support parents to create
literacy friendly homes; and motivate students
to actively participate in intervention
programs
Jobs and Economic
Development
"All
Ohioans have suffered as a result of the
economic difficulties of our state's current
economic climate. However, people of color
have been disproportionately affected. By
focusing our legislative attention on jobs and
the economy, we can bring the state closer than
ever to the promise of liberty and equality for
all." - Representative Mike
Mitchell
Challenges and
Opportunities: Manufacturing job
loss in Ohio has been
enormous.
Since January 2001, the state has lost
more than 170,000 manufacturing jobs, or almost
18% of its industrial base.
Manufacturing job loss hits black
workers disproportionately hard, since in the
industrial Midwest, manufacturing
jobs were the ticket to middle class lifestyles
for workers without college
education.
In
Ohio, African
Americans have the lowest labor force
participation rate. In 2004, 13.2% of African
Americans were unemployed compared to 5.2% of
white Ohioans.
The creation
of wealth in the African-American community is
directly linked to the development of
African-American owned businesses.
Ohio's
minority business enterprise sector,
particularly African-American owned businesses,
are strong in comparison to other areas of the
nation.
However, Ohio's
current economic challenges may threaten this
important sector. According to the US Census,
sales have increased nationally for African
American and Hispanic owned businesses, but
they are currently down in Ohio.
Minimum
Wage
“The
Federal minimum wage rate has not changed since
1997. Nine years without minimum wage increases
is too long. It’s time Ohioans take
action and create a fair wage for a fair days
work.”
- Representative Michael DeBose
(D-Cleveland)
Challenges and
Opportunities: There
have been modest gains in income and overall
decline in poverty and employment rates. In
1990, the per capita income for African
Americans was $11,892. In 2000
it increased to $14,499.
However, between 1979 and 2004, the
black-white earnings gap nearly doubled; in
2004, median hourly wages for the average white
worker were 19% more than for the average black
worker.
The federal
minimum wage is $5.15 an hour and Ohio's is
$4.25 an hour. (A full-time minimum wage
worker brings in only $10,712 a year.)
Ohio is one
of only two states to set its minimum wage
below the federal level. Nearly
92,000 Ohio workers
— about 1.9 percent of the state's employees —
earn less than the federal minimum wage. A
viable campaign is underway to get a proposal
on the November 7, 2006 ballot to raise
Ohio's
minimum wage to $6.85 an hour.
Voting
Rights
“When we
ask the question of the state of black Ohioans’
voting rights today, ‘Do they have the right to
vote?’
The answer is ‘Yes.’ But, do
they have an adequate opportunity to vote? The
answer is ‘No.’; closely mirroring that of
other Ohioans. That is why I introduced
legislation in 2003 and 2005 to bring
‘No-excuse’ absentee voting to Ohio.”
Representative Edna Brown of
Toledo
(D-Toledo)
Challenges and
Opportunities: African-American
voter registration and voter participation were
high in the 2004 election. 70.3%
of Ohio's
African American population was registered to
vote and 65.5% of this population voted in the
2004 election. Unfortunately, some evidence
suggests that African American precincts were
more likely to have votes not
counted.
Organized
efforts are underway to restrict voting
rights.
House Bill 3 sponsored by Representative
Kevin DeWine (R-Fairborn) would require all
voters to present a current and valid
government issued photo ID or another form of
acceptable identification such as a utility
bill to cast a vote. Allegations of widespread
voter fraud as justification for this change
are simply untrue. However, there is documented
evidence and statistics that prove that this
type of requirement is likely to disenfranchise
and overburden voters, especially racial
minorities, college students, seniors and the
poor.
Prisons and Community
Reentry
"As we
often discuss issues regarding human services,
we talk of a broad range of social policy areas
that commonly extend from child care to early
education to welfare reform. What we do not
discuss are the problems that exist for the
felons that are re-entering the community and
the services that are needed to prevent
recidivism. All too often prison reentry
is considered a criminal justice issue and we
must learn to view re-entry in the context of a
human service issue if we are to better serve
our communities." - Catherine
Barrett
(D-Cincinnati)
Challenges and
Opportunities: In 2004, African
Americans made up 48.13% (11,838) of the total
prison population (44,974) and 47% of total
commitments to Ohio's
juvenile facilities. 97 (49%) out of 196 death
row inmates in Ohio are
Black.
The Sentencing Project, a Washington D.C. think
tank on criminal justice, recently reported
that on any given day one of every 21 Black
adult men is incarcerated; for those in their
late twenties, the figure is one in eight.
In 2004,
over 24,000 ex-offenders were released from
prison and returned to communities, primarily
to urban areas, across Ohio. To
combat high recidivism rates, corrections, law
enforcement, community human service agencies
and families must work together to monitor
ex-offenders while assisting them in the
development and implementation of individual
reentry plans.
Sources:
- 2000 US
Census – Ohio
Facts
- 2004-2005
Annual Report on Educational Progress in
Ohio, Ohio
Department of
Education.
- The State
of Black
Ohio:
Strengths, Trends and Challenges, The Kirwan
Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity,
The Ohio State University
- The State
of Working
Ohio, 2005,
Policy Matters Ohio
- January
2006 Monthly Facts, Ohio
Department of Rehabilitation and
Corrections
- Youthful
Offender Statistics, Fiscal Year 2004, Ohio
Department of Youth
Services
- US
Department of Labor – Bureau of Labor
Statistics
- Ohio
Department of Development – Office of Strategic
Research
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